| FIELD SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES MATRIX: SAMPLE ANALYSIS TOOLS | ||||||||||||||||
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| Italics Most commonly used field techniques from
Subsurface Characterization and Monitoring Techniques EPA 625-R-93-003 See Legend below for explanation, or switch to the gif-based version (may be VERY slow to load!) if you see l, n, and D instead of squares, circles, and triangles in the matrix below. Technique / Instrumentation |
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| 6 SAMPLE ANALYSIS TOOLS for VOCs, SVOCs, and Pesticides (e.g. TPH, PCBs) | ||||||||||||||||
| 6.1 In-Situ Analysis | ||||||||||||||||
| 6.1.1 Solid / Porous Fiber Optic | 11 | E | n | l | l | n | l | n | n | l | n | l | l | I | No | n |
| 6.1.2 Laser Induced Fluorescence | 5, 11 | l | n | NA | l | l | l | n | n | l | n | l | l | III | Yes | n |
| 6.2 Ex-Situ Analysis | ||||||||||||||||
| 6.2.1 Photo-Ionization Detector | 1, 3 | E | E | n | l | D | l | n | n | D | n | D | D | III | No | n |
| 6.2.2 Flame-Ionization Detector | 1-3 | E | E | n | l | D | n | n | n | D | n | D | D | III | No | n |
| 6.2.3 Explosimeter | 1 | E | E | n | D | D | l | n | n | D | n | D | D | III | No | n |
| 6.2.4 Gas chromatography (GC) plus detector | 1-6, 11 | E | E | n | n | n | n | l | n | n | n | n | n | III | No | l |
| 6.2.5 Catalytic Surface Oxidation | 1,3 | E | E | n | l | l | l | n | n | l | n | n | D | III | No | n |
| 6.2.6 Detector Tubes | 1,3 | E | E | n | l | l | l | n | n | D | n | D | D | III | No | n |
| 6.2.7 Mass Spectrometry (MS) | 1-6 | E | E | n | n | l | l | l | l | n | n | l | n | II | No | D |
| 6.2.8 GC / MS | 1-6 | E | E | n | n | n | n | D | n | n | n | l | n | III | Yes | D |
| 6.2.9 GC/Ion Trap MS | 1-6 | E | E | n | n | n | n | l | l | n | n | l | n | II | No | D |
| 6.2.10 Ion Trap MS | 1-6 | E | E | n | n | l | n | l | n | n | n | n | n | II | No | D |
| 6.2.11 Ion Mobility Spectrometer | 1-4, 6 | E | E | n | n | l | n | n | n | l | n | l | n | II | No | l |
| 6.2.12 Ultraviolet (UV) Fluorescence | 1, 3, 5 | l | n | l | D | l | n | l | n | l | n | n | l | II | No | l |
| 6.2.13 Synchronous Luminescence/Fluorescence | 1-4 | E | n | l | l | l | n | l | n | l | n | n | l | I | No | l |
| 6.2.14 UV-Visible Spectrophotometry | 1, 3, 5 | E | n | l | D | D | n | n | n | l | n | n | l | I | No | l |
| 6.2.15 Infrared Spectroscopy | 1-4 | E | E | n | l | D | l | n | n | l | n | n | l | II | No | l |
| 6.2.16 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy | 1, 3, 11 | E | E | n | n | l | n | n | n | l | n | n | l | II | No | l |
| 6.2.17 Scattering / Absorption LIDAR | 1, 3 | E | E | n | D | D | D | n | n | l | n | n | l | I | No | l |
| 6.2.18 Raman Spectroscopy/Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) | 1-5, 11 | E | n | E | D | D | n | n | n | l | n | n | l | II | No | l |
| 6.2.19 Near IR Reflectance/Transmittance Spectroscopy | 1, 3 | n | NA | NA | D | D | D | n | n | l | n | n | l | I | No | l |
| 6.2.20 Immunoassay Colorimetric Kits | 1-6, 11 | n | n | NA | l | l | l | n | n | l | n | l | l | II | Yes | n |
| 6.2.21 Amperometric and Galvanic Cell Sensor | 1, 3 | E | NA | n | n | l | n | n | n | l | n | n | l | II | No | n |
| 6.2.22 Semiconductor Sensors | 1, 3 | E | n | n | l | l | n | n | n | l | n | n | l | I | No | n |
| 6.2.23 Piezoelectric Sensors | 1, 3 | E | E | n | n | D | n | n | n | l | n | n | l | I | No | n |
| 6.2.24 Field Bioassessment | 1-6 | n | n | n | D | D | NA | D | n | n | D | l | D | II | No | D |
| 6.2.25 Toxicity Tests | 1-6 | n | n | n | D | D | NA | l | n | n | D | n | l | II | No | n |
| 6.2.26 Room-Temperature Phosphorimetry | 4, 5, 6, 12 (PCBs) | l | n | l | n | D | n | l | n | l | n | n | l | I | No | l |
| 6.2.27 Chemical Colorimetric Kits | 2, 4, 5, 11 | l | n | NA | l | l | l | n | n | l | n | n | l | II | No | n |
| 6.2.28 Free Product Sensors | 11 | NA | n | NA | D | n | D | n | n | n | n | n | D | III | No | n |
| 6.2.29 Ground Penetration Radar | 11 | l | D | NA | D | D | D | D | l | n | l | l | l | I | No | l |
| 6.2.30 Thin-Layer Chromatography | 2 | E | n | NA | l | l | n | l | n | n | n | n | n | II | No | D |
| 7 SAMPLE ANALYSIS TOOLS FOR METALS | ||||||||||||||||
| 7.1 EX-SITU ANALYSIS | ||||||||||||||||
| 7.1.1 Atomic Absorption (AA) Spectroscopy | 7 | E | E | n | n | n | n | D | D | n | D | l | n | I | No | D |
| 7.1.2 Inductively-Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) | 7 | E | E | n | n | n | n | l | D | n | D | l | n | I | No | D |
| 7.1.3 X-Ray Fluorescence | 7 | n | n | E | n | n | l | n | n | l | n | l | n | III | Yes | n |
| 7.1.4 Chemical Colorimetric Kits | 7, 9 | l | n | NA | n | l | l | l | n | l | n | n | l | II | Yes | n |
| 7.1.5 Titrimetry Kits | 7, 9 | l | n | NA | n | l | l | l | n | l | n | n | l | III | No | n |
| 7.1.6 Immunoassay Colorimetric Kits | 7, 12 (Hg) | n | n | NA | l | l | n | n | n | l | n | n | l | II | Yes | n |
| 7.1.7 Anodic Stripping Voltammetry | 7 | E | n | NA | n | l | n | n | l | n | n | l | n | II | No | l |
| 7.1.8 Fluorescence Spectrophotometry | 7, 12 (Hg) | E | E | n | n | l | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | II | No | l |
| 7.1.9 Amperometric and Galvanic Cell Sensor | 7 | E | n | NA | n | l | l | n | n | l | n | n | l | II | No | n |
| 7.1.10 Field Bioassessment | 7, 9 | n | n | n | D | D | NA | D | n | n | D | l | D | II | No | D |
| 7.1.11 Toxicity Tests | 7, 9 | n | n | n | D | D | NA | l | n | n | D | n | l | II | No | n |
| 7.1.12 Ion Chromatrography | 7 | E | n | NA | l | l | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | I | No | l |
| 8 RADIONUCLIDES | ||||||||||||||||
| 8.1 IN-SITU ANALYSIS | ||||||||||||||||
| 8.1.1 Gamma Radiation | 8 | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | D | I | No | n |
| 8.2 EX-SITU ANALYSIS | ||||||||||||||||
| 8.2.1 Radiation Detectors | 8 | n | n | n | l | n | l | n | n | n | n | n | n | III | No | n |
| 8.2.2 Gamma Ray Spectrometry | 8 | n | n | n | n | n | l | n | ||||||||